2TE25K “Peresvet”
2ТЭ25К «Пересвет» (2-секционный Тепловоз с Электропередачей, 25-я серия, Коллекторный) (2-section Diesel locomotive with electric transmission, 25th series, Collector) and its modifications – the first Russian mainline two-section diesel locomotive with six-axle sections and AC-DC electric transmission and collector traction electric motors. Manufactured at the Bryansk Machine-Building Plant.
The basic model of the 2TE25K locomotive was produced from 2005 to 2009. Since 2014, serial production of an improved modification – 2TE25KM, which is equipped with a high-power engine, began.
In 2017, a three-section version of the locomotive appeared – 3TE25K2M, equipped with even more powerful engines in each section. It is also planned to produce two-section 2TE25K2M locomotives.
In 2019, diesel locomotives of the 2TE25K3M and 3TE25K3M modifications were created in two- and three-section designs. The power of these locomotives is an average value between the KM and K2M modifications.
From 2005 to 2021, more than six hundred TE25K diesel locomotives were produced. Most of these locomotives are used on Russian railways. 15 diesel locomotives are operated on the railways of Mongolia, 4 in Uzbekistan, 2 in Kazakhstan and 1 in Turkmenistan.
Development
By the early 2000s, the basis of the fleet of mainline freight diesel locomotives in Russia consisted of the TE10 and 2TE116 models, produced at the Lugansk Diesel Locomotive Plant in Ukraine. These locomotives were developed back in the days of the USSR and are already very outdated. The first-generation locomotives required replacement because they were heavily worn out.
It was decided to update the fleet of diesel locomotives, replacing old models with new ones. Simultaneously with the purchase of 2TE116U diesel locomotives in Ukraine, which are an updated version of 2TE116 and meet modern requirements, it was decided to organize our own production of new-generation diesel locomotives in Russia. These locomotives should be safer, more economical and convenient to operate, and also surpass the TE116 family in technical characteristics.
In the first half of the 2000s, the Bryansk Machine-Building Plant, which had previously produced shunting diesel locomotives, began developing a new family of mainline freight locomotives, called TE25.
For the new locomotives, they planned to create a new body and driver’s cab with a modern control system. At the same time, the design of the undercarriage and the power plant were largely inherited from the latest 2TE116U diesel locomotives manufactured at the Lugansk plant.
The locomotive project was approved in 2004.
One of the most promising areas in diesel locomotive construction was the creation of a diesel locomotive with AC, DC and AC electric transmission, as well as with an asynchronous traction drive. Compared to collector motors, asynchronous motors allowed for greater power and were easier to maintain. However, their operation required the creation of special devices – traction inverters.
Due to some difficulties that arose during the development of an asynchronous traction drive for a promising diesel locomotive, it was decided to create a transitional freight locomotive. It was supposed to use AC-DC transmission with collector motors and regulate the traction force along the axles. This was similar to the experimental 2TE116KM diesel locomotive. The new locomotive was also to have a unified undercarriage with the 2TE116.
To differentiate between the 2TE25 locomotives with a collector and asynchronous drive, the former were called 2TE25K, and the latter – 2TE25A.
Design
The TE25K family of locomotives are two- or three-section locomotives, each section of which has six axles and rests on two motor three-axle bogies.
The locomotive is equipped with a diesel engine and an AC-DC electric transmission, which allows traction on each wheel to be adjusted. This design provides an efficient and flexible locomotive control system.
One of the features of these locomotives is their block-modular design. This means that in the event of a malfunction of any equipment, it can be replaced without disassembling the entire section. This approach significantly simplifies the process of servicing and repairing the locomotive.
General information
The mainline diesel locomotives of the 2TE25K Peresvet family are designed to haul freight trains on mainline railways with a gauge of 1520 mm at ambient temperatures from -50°C to +40°C. They are advanced new-generation diesel locomotives that belong to the TE25 family. These locomotives are equipped with AC-DC transmission and an axle traction control system.
The design of the mechanical part of the 2TE25K Peresvet diesel locomotives is similar to the design of the 2TE25A Vityaz diesel locomotives. However, the Vityaz differs from the Peresvets by the presence of an asynchronous traction drive and a different power plant.
Diesel locomotives 2TE25K are positioned as the main replacement for technically worn-out locomotives of the 2TE10 series of all indices, primarily 2TE10V and 2TE10M with outdated two-stroke diesel engines, and later 2TE10U and 2TE116 with four-stroke engines.
Diesel locomotives of the 2TE25K, 2TE25KM and 2TE25K3M models are equipped with four-stroke diesel engines manufactured by the Kolomna Plant from the D49 family. These diesel engines are similar to those used on 2TE116U diesel locomotives.
The most powerful versions of the locomotive are 2TE25K3M and 3TE25K3M.
Design
The diesel locomotive body is a closed wagon-type metal structure created by welding. It consists of a supporting main frame, a frontal mask of the driver’s cab, a frame above the diesel generator and equipment chambers, a frame of the cooling chamber, side walls and a block-type roof.
The driver’s cab frame, the body walls and the frame of the cooling chamber are welded to the main frame and to each other. The diesel room is separated from the equipment chamber by a partition. The side walls are fixed both by internal transverse walls and by cross beams.
The driver’s cab lining is made of fiberglass.
Frontal part
The front part of the driver’s cab is a frame made of rigid metal profiles located horizontally and vertically. The frame is covered with plastic fairings on the outside and lined on the inside.
The cab has a curved convex shape. Its contours smoothly transition into streamlined shapes on the sides and on top. The cabin protrudes forward most at the level of the frame and buffer lights.
The windshield of the 2TE25K locomotives has a trapezoidal shape. The windshield of the 2TE25KM locomotives consists of two panes of glass, separated by a partition in the center.
On the outside of the front fairing, below the glass, there are steps and handrails.
The driver’s cabin is located in the front part of each section of the locomotive. It is designed to control the locomotive and is designed for two people: the driver and his assistant. The driver’s workplace is located on the right, and the assistant’s place is on the left.
In the front part of the cabin there is a control panel and niches for feet. Opposite the panel are the driver’s and assistant’s seats. In the middle part of the panel in one of the sections there is a refrigerator for storing food, and in the other – a microwave oven for heating food.
The cabin is equipped with a safety system, which includes a comprehensive locomotive safety device КЛУБ-У or БЛОК.
Modifications
2TE25K
The first diesel locomotive 2TE25K-0001 was created in July 2005. In August of the same year, a presentation of the diesel locomotive took place on the territory of the VNIIZhT depot in Shcherbinka, timed to coincide with the Railwayman’s Day.
In August 2007, the acceptance committee completed certification tests, after which permission was received to produce an installation series of twenty machines. However, as production progressed, it was decided to reduce the number of diesel locomotives produced, since against the background of the new 2TE25A diesel locomotive, which has a similar design with an asynchronous drive, further production of diesel locomotives with collector motors seemed inappropriate.
As a result, from 2007 to 2009, fourteen more diesel locomotives with numbers from 0002 to 0015 were produced. Like the first locomotive, all subsequent ones were painted blue with white stripes.
By 2009, the testing and certification of the 2TE25A diesel locomotive had been successfully completed, and the main shortcomings in the operation of the equipment had been eliminated. Therefore, it was decided not to return to the production of 2TE25K diesel locomotives, since the Lugansk plant in Ukraine continued to produce 2TE116U locomotives of a similar type.
Instead, the Bryansk plant began serial production of 2TE25A diesel locomotives.
2TE25KM
The further development of the 2TE25K locomotive was the 2TE25KM locomotive (M – modified). Unlike the base model, this locomotive is equipped with a 18-9DG diesel generator power plant, which was previously used in the 2TE116U locomotive. It also has more modern equipment, including a control system.
The changes also affected the body design: the main frame was redesigned to accommodate the 18-9DG diesel generator. In addition, the location of the equipment and some systems was changed.
Thanks to the use of a diesel generator from the 2TE116U locomotive, the new locomotive became more powerful than its predecessor, the 2TE25K.
At first, it was not planned to produce an improved version of the 2TE25K, because similar locomotives were made by the Lugansk Locomotive Plant. The Bryansk plant focused on the creation and development of locomotives with an asynchronous drive.
However, in 2014, due to the political crisis and armed conflict in Ukraine, the Lugansk plant reduced production and was on the verge of closure. Not knowing whether it would be able to continue supplying 2TE116U series diesel locomotives to Russian Railways, it was decided to quickly create an analogue of this diesel locomotive at the Bryansk Machine-Building Plant, so as not to waste time on a complete re-equipment of production. After all, the carrier company was not ready for a mass replacement of the fleet with diesel locomotives with asynchronous drive.
2TE25K2M and 3TE25K2M
In 2016, the 2TE25K2M diesel locomotive (2nd modified) was developed, which is designed to haul freight trains on difficult mountain routes with large slopes or trains of increased weight.
The locomotive was created on the basis of 2TE25KM. It differs from its predecessor in its increased power. In addition, starting with this modification, it was decided to produce a three-section version of the locomotive – 3TE25K2M. It has a middle intermediate section with a simplified control cabin for shunting operations. The cabin has an inter-section transition and a flat front part with small windows in the front and on the right.
In order to improve traction characteristics on climbs, it was decided to increase the adhesion weight of the locomotive. The mass of each section, compared to its predecessors, also increased by 3 tons (up to 147 tons instead of 144). As a result, the axle load increased from 24 to 24.5 tons.
The main difference from 2TE25KM is the use of a more modern and powerful American-made GEVO V12 diesel engine with a capacity of 3100 kW per section and a different traction generator, similar to the 2TE116UD series diesel locomotives, which used a similar diesel generator.
2TE25K3M and 3TE25K3M
In 2019, the Bryansk plant presented a new modification of the 2TE25KM diesel locomotive for controlling heavy-duty freight trains. This modification was designated 2TE25K3M.
Unlike the previous version 2TE25K2M, the 2TE25K3M is equipped with a modified 18-9DG diesel generator manufactured by the Kolomensky plant. In terms of design, it is similar to the conventional 2TE25KM diesel generator, but has increased power – 2850 kW instead of 2648 kW.
Thus, in terms of power, the new diesel locomotive is between 2TE25KM and 2TE25K2M. In addition, in comparison with the basic modification, the coupling weight of the locomotive was increased.
In April 2019, two experimental locomotives were created as part of this project: a two-section and a three-section one. They received the designations 2TE25K3M and 3TE25K3M, respectively.
Characteristics
Manufacturer: Bryansk Machine-Building Plant (BMZ) (Transmashholding)
Assembly: Bryansk (Russia)
Years of production: 2005—
Production: 795 units
Length: 2×20,000 mm
Width: 3120 mm
Height: 5005 mm
Track gauge: 1520 mm
Powerplant: 5Д49 16ЧН26/26
Power: 12× 366 kW
Traction effort: 428 kN
Traction force: 323 kN
Max speed: 100 km/h
Weight: 2×147 t
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