Tverskaya Zastava Square (after 1834, also New Triumphal Gate Square, 1932-1990 – Belorussky Station Square, including New Triumphal Gate Square, Brestsky Lane and Brestsky Proyezd) – an area on the border of the Central and Northern administrative districts of Moscow.
It separates 1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street and Leningradsky Prospekt. On the square, there is the Belorussky railway station, the Tverskaya Zastava square, the Belorusskaya metro station of the Koltsevaya line and the Belorusskaya station of the Zamoskvoretskaya line, the Tverskoy overpass.
The territory of the square and fragments of adjacent quarters are included in the protected zone of cultural heritage sites. Some buildings received the status of monuments.
It was formed in 1742 during the construction of the Tver outpost of the Kamer-Kollezhsky shaft. Gruzinsky Val and Butyrsky Val adjoin the gate. Later, typical symmetrical guardhouses were built.
In 1814, a wooden arch was built on the square for the solemn meeting of Russian troops returning from Western Europe after the victory over the French forces.
In 1827-1834, the architect Osip Bove erected New Triumphal Gates on the square (the old triumphal gates were located on Triumphal Square). The area became known as the area of the New Triumphal Gates.
In the 19th century, the fortifications of the Kamer-Kollezhsky shaft were demolished, and cheap apartment houses with shops, taverns and workshops on the first floors were built near the square.
On September 19, 1870, the grand opening of the Smolensky railway station (now known as Belorussky) took place, which became the sixth in Moscow.
In 1872, a regular horse-drawn carriage movement was opened from the Iverskaya Chapel to the Tverskaya Zastava.
In 1899, the movement of an electric tram from the station to the Petrovsky Palace was completed. Later, a tram circle was arranged on the square.
In 1914, on the territory next to the square from the side of the Butyrsky shaft, the construction of an Old Believer church began according to the project of A. M. Gurzhienko.
In 1932, the area was renamed the area of the Belarusian Railway Station.
Notable buildings
Belorussky railway station (1902-1912, architect I. I. Strukov) – an object of cultural heritage of regional significance.
Church of St. Nicholas, the Wonderworker near Tverskaya Zastava (Zastavny Lane, 3/8, building 1 or Butyrsky Val, 8/3, building 1), is a cultural heritage site of federal significance.
Tver overpass (1902-1912, architect I. I. Strukov; 1945-1946, architects N. I. Ermolin, I. L. Roitenberg) – the status of a newly identified object of cultural heritage is expected to be assigned.
Objects of the cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation and having the status of identified:
- Belorusskaya station of the Moscow metro of the Koltsevaya line, 1952, architect N. A. Bykova, A. A. Marova, I. G. Taranov, Z. F. Abramova, Ya. V Tatarzhinskaya.
- Belorusskaya station of the Moscow metro of the Gorkovsko-Zamoskvoretskaya line, 1938, architect N. N. Andrikanis, N. A. Bykova, design engineer V. I. Dmitriev.
- The house of the merchant Sherupenkov (Lesnaya St., 1/2) was built in the 1870s.
- A residential building for engineering and technical workers was built in 1932-1939 according to the project of the architect M. I. Sinyavsky (1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya street., 36, building 1). During construction, the house marked the beginning of Gorky Street.
- The Church of St. Nicholas, the Wonderworker near Tverskaya Zastava, is an Old Believer Orthodox church in the Tverskoy district.
Transport
Streets adjacent to the square: 1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya, 1st Brestskaya, 2nd Brestskaya, Gruzinsky Val, Leningradsky Prospekt, Butyrsky Val and Lesnaya.
- Belorusskaya metro station on the Circle Line
- Belorusskaya metro station, Zamoskvoretskaya line
- Belorussky railway station
Pass through the area:
Buses and electric buses: m1, 12, 101, e30, t18, n1
The final stop is located on the square:
Buses and electric buses: 27, 84, 456, e30k, 905, t20, t56, t70, t78, t82. Trams: 7, 9.
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