Renfe S100
The Renfe 100 series is the first series of high-speed trains from Renfe Viajeros. This train has always been called AVE, an acronym for Spanish High Speed. Furthermore, its name is a play on words in which the train is compared to the bird family, but the truth is that AVE is the name of the high-speed service of Renfe Operadora and with the arrival of new models of high-speed trains, using the term AVE to refer to a train can be misleading.
The 100 series is manufactured by Alstom and is derived directly from the French TGV Atlantique. It is composed of 2 tractor heads of 4,440 kW power with 2 motorized bogies each (total 4) and 8 articulated trailers with a shared bogie with secondary pneumatic suspension (SR10), with which the train has 13 bogies, 4 of the 2 tractors. and 9 of the 8 trailers. Unlike the French model, this one has ASFA 200 and LZB 80 as signaling systems, and in 2004 the ERTMS system was included in 9 of these trains, 8 trailers instead of 10, refrigeration systems adapted to the temperatures of Spain, as well as like a somewhat different interior and exterior design.
History
In its award, this series experienced all the changes and decisions made in the process of creating the Spanish high-speed network. Although initially a new railway access to Andalusia was going to be built, the famous N.A.F.A. (New Railway Access to Andalusia), of Iberian gauge (1668 mm), was changed at the last minute, so the initial forecast of acquiring 24 units of Iberian gauge was changed to 16 units of international gauge, which were received between 1991 and 1993, since so many trains would not be needed, and finally after several modifications to the contract and compensation for postponements, the last 8 units were delivered, 2 of which were of international gauge and 6 of Iberian gauge. These last 6 formed the Renfe Series 101 that provided the Renfe Euromed service, along the Mediterranean corridor.
This series, specifically train 100-015, achieved one of the most important speed records in Spain, reaching 356.8 km/h with hardly any modifications made to it, being surpassed 15 years later by the S-103 (Siemens Velaro E) which reached 403.7 km/h also without modifications. The S-100 had previously reached almost 330 km/h in the homologation process at 300 km/h. It was also used to carry out tests with Talgo cars.
This series has practically always circulated on the Madrid-Seville LAV, although it has also been serving the northeast corridor (Madrid-Zaragoza-Barcelona-France LAV) until the launch of Renfe Series 102. The units that have circulated on these roads have undergone a change of pantograph, as well as the installation of the ERTMS signaling system.
In 2007, after 15 years in service, half of the predicted useful life, this series underwent an interior and exterior renovation to better adapt to the new needs of travelers and give it a newer appearance.
In January 2011, Renfe awarded Alstom the adaptation of 10 compositions of the 100 series for future operation on the High Speed line between Barcelona–Paris for 29.7 million euros. The transformation will allow the trains to circulate in sections of 1.5 kV (DC). The number of seats on the trains is also increased to 347 by eliminating the club class and the signaling and cabin communications system for French systems is completed. The first adapted AVE trains should be ready for operation in autumn 2012.
In addition to this award, Renfe Operadora also awarded the implementation of the ERTMS system, and the suppression of the club class in the other 14 trains of the 100 series for an amount of 5.7 million euros.
In September 2018, Renfe proceeded to re-motorize it.
The initial series of 24 units currently consists of 22 units since 2 units have been decommissioned.
Routes
Today, the 22 operational units are responsible for carrying out the majority of AVE services between Madrid and Seville on the high-speed line, as well as all services between Madrid Puerta de Atocha and Marseille, between Barcelona Sants and Lyon or practically all of the Madrid Puerta de Atocha – Huesca, among other relationships.
Since 2018, they have been carrying out the Madrid-Castellón service thanks to the Third Lane implemented on the conventional Valencia–Tarragona line between Valencia and Castellón, with a limitation of 160 on said section.
Manufacturer: Alstom, MTM, Meinfesa, Alcatel and CAF
Years of production: 1991—2011
Production: 24 units
Length: 200,150 mm
Width: 2904 mm
Height: 4280 mm
Track gauge: 1435 mm
Passenger capacity: 347 seats
Powerplant: SM44-39B (1100 kW)
Power output: 8,800 kW
Max speed: 300 km/h
Empty weight: 392 t
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